Photo: Artem Podrez

What school is best for PDA?

Local Authority special school (an ASD school or a school for children with 'social, emotional or behavioural difficulties' for instance) Independent school (smaller class sizes can work well for PDA children) Independent specialist school. Specialist residential school (38 week or 52-week placements)

pdasociety.org.uk - School – PDA Society

How do you know he is your soulmate?

30 Signs He's Your Soulmate Instant connection. The first time you met him, you felt an instant connection, as if the two of you had known each...

Last updated Jun 2, 2021

What are the 3 loves?

The three loves that she came up with are the following: Lust, Passion, and Commitment. These three loves occur in different parts of the brain and...

Last updated May 6, 2018

Do you really know who the “One” is? Your true Soulmate?

Promotion

PDA & School

Our Being Misunderstood report highlights that 70% of children with a PDA profile of autism are not in school or regularly struggle to attend. This figure is much higher than for the ASD population as a whole, and shows how challenging school can be with PDA. This page is for families and includes information on: sources of specialist SEN advice; requesting support in school; Education, Health & Care Plans & assessments; school placements & other options; and school refusal. Information for teaching professionals, including helpful educational approaches for PDA, can be found here and in our information sheet for teaching professionals.

Specialist SEN advice

The information below provides just a brief overview and we strongly encourage you to contact these specialist SEN organisations which can provide up to date information and advice about securing support in school and navigating the legal process:

Legal duties of schools & LAs

The information below relates to the current legislation and guidance applicable to England – the process may be different if you live in other parts of the UK. The relevant codes of practice are England: SEND code of practice 0-25 years; Northern Ireland: SEN Code of Practice and Supplement to Code; Scotland: Supporting Children’s Learning Code of Practice; Wales: SEN Code of Practice for Wales Schools and local authorities have a legal duty to ensure that they identify and support the special educational needs (SEN) of children for whom they are responsible. Part 3 of the Children and Families Act 2014 places legal duties on Local Authorities (LAs) to identify and assess the special educational needs (SEN) of children and young people for whom they are responsible. LAs become responsible for a child/young person in their area when they become aware that the child/young person has or may have SEN. They must then ensure that those children and young people receive a level of support which will help them “achieve the best possible educational and other outcomes” – Section 19 (d). A child does not require a medical diagnosis of a specific disability before a school or local authority should identify, assess and support a child’s special educational needs. Needs are usually grouped on four broad areas of need and support: Communication and interaction; Cognition and learning; Social, emotional and mental health; and Sensory and/or physical needs.

Requesting support in school

If you feel that your child has special educational needs and requires additional support in school, the first step is to arrange an appointment with your school SENCO (Special Educational Needs Coordinator) to discuss your concerns. Request that your child is named on the school’s SEN Register and ask for an Individual Education Plan (IEP), sometimes known as a Personal Provision Map, to be drawn up for your child. There are lots of education-specific PDA resources you can share with your child’s school about PDA, including our information sheet for teaching professionals and the PDA PANDA Approaches resources for teaching professionals which we co-produced with Twinkl. It is very common for autistic children to mask or camouflage their differences/difficulties with different people or in different settings. There can often be a mismatch between behaviours at school and at home, which can lead to misunderstandings, so it may be helpful to share information about masking with your child’s school if you feel this is a factor. The school may arrange for your child to be seen by other professionals and agencies in relation to your child’s needs: this could be the local inclusion support team, local autism outreach service, a speech & language therapist, an occupational therapist, a paediatrician, an educational psychologist, CAMHS (Child & Adolescent Mental Health Services) or social services (children’s disability team). Parents can also request support directly from these professionals.

What are the physical signs of love?

Physical symptoms “Butterflies” might sound nice, sure — until they make you feel like you need to throw up. When you see, or even just think of,...

Last updated Mar 3, 2020

How do you tell if he secretly wants a baby?

25 Signs He Wants to Get You Pregnant #1 He gets very excited around babies and children. ... #2 He talks about the future, which includes you. ......

Last updated Jun 24, 2022

Promotion

Education, Health & Care Plans

Local Authorities have a duty to assess a child or young person’s education, health and care (EHC) needs where they may have SEN and may need special educational provision beyond what may be considered ‘reasonable adjustments’. An EHC assessment can be requested by the school or college, by a professional or by parents/guardians (young people aged 16-25 can also make the request themselves). Once a request is made, the LA must respond within 6 weeks to say whether they will or won’t carry out an assessment. If the LA refuses, reasons must be provided and the decision can be challenged via mediation or a Special Education Needs & Disability Tribunal. If the request is granted, an EHC needs assessment is undertaken and the LA will decide whether or not to issue an EHC Plan (EHCP). If a plan is refused, again reasons must be provided and the decision can be appealed. If a plan is issued, a draft must be provided for the parents or young person to consider. Only at this stage will the parents or young person be asked to name the type of provision (e.g. mainstream or specialist setting) or specific individual placement they wish to have included in the plan. Please see our guide for Education, Health and Care Plans to support a PDA profile of autism for more information and examples of good practice.

School placements & other options

There are many different educational settings which may be able to successfully accommodate PDA: Mainstream schools (many PDA children may need some extra support via a Teaching Assistant and/or small group work)

Mainstream with an attached unit (usually an ASD unit)

Alternative provision

Local Authority special school (an ASD school or a school for children with ‘social, emotional or behavioural difficulties’ for instance)

Independent school (smaller class sizes can work well for PDA children)

Independent specialist school

Specialist residential school (38 week or 52-week placements)

There isn’t one single ‘ideal setting’ for a child with a PDA profile of autism but all successful placements tend to share a similar ethos: a genuine commitment to inclusion; strong support from the leadership team; a willingness to learn and adapt; a positive, creative and flexible outlook; and a commitment to working closely with the family. There are some excellent examples of good educational practice for PDA children and there have been particularly positive outcomes in alternative placements which don’t ‘look like’ school or with flexi-schooling (a combination of some time in school with some time at home and/or in an alternative setting). Don’t be afraid to ask lots of questions, share information about PDA and recommended education approaches, and have several visits before deciding whether or not you feel a school can meet your child’s specific needs.

Other options

For some children, other options may be more appropriate.

If the Local Authority is satisfied that it would be “inappropriate” for a child to be educated at school, they can arrange for “education otherwise than school” to be provided – this might be home tutoring or online education – in this case the LA would be responsible for securing and funding provision. Alternatively, parents may choose to home educate their child – this is called “elective home education” and parents are responsible for all the arrangements and funding. Our home education “hub” has suggestions for helpful approaches and resources to support parents who are electively home educating PDA children and young people.

Does love last 3 years?

Movies try to convince us we'll feel this way forever, but the intense romance has an expiration date for everyone. Expect the passion to last two...

Last updated Sep 5, 2018

What is spiritual intimacy?

We define spiritual intimacy as revealing your spirituality to your partner (spiritual disclosure) and listening to your partner's disclosures in a...

Last updated May 18, 2022

Promotion

School avoidance

School avoidance (also know as school refusal) – when a child is unable to attend school due to anxiety, phobia or trauma – is common with PDA, and should be treated as a health and/or SEN need. If your child isn’t currently attending school because the school cannot meet your child’s special educational needs, the school and/or your local authority should be looking to provide the correct provision as soon as possible. In both these cases, the situation should not be viewed as truancy and parents shouldn’t be prosecuted for their child’s non-attendance at school. It’s the duty of the local authority to provide a suitable alternative education – in the case of school refusal due to health reasons, this should begin 15 days following the period when school refusal began. The National Autistic Society provides useful information to help everyone understand difficulties with school and ‘school refusal’ – though please note that the strategies suggested would require considerable adaptation for a PDA child. Not Fine in School, School Refusal Support Services and Define Fine are parent-run organisations which focus on school avoidance and attendance difficulties. Fran Morgan from Square Peg talks about the barriers to school attendance in this presentation. In this podcast about PDA & school avoidance, James (a PDA young person) discusses why school is difficult for young people with a PDA profile. The Autistic SEND Mother explains Why separation anxiety comes from a very different place in autistic children.

These are some pointers if your child is avoiding school:

Keep school regularly updated via email/phone, keeping a log of all communications

Provide school with information about PDA and helpful approaches

Request that school provides a couple of hours of support within the home either weekly or daily depending on your child’s ability to cope – this support should ideally be centred around relationship-building and focus on your child’s interests rather than direct teaching of the national curriculum As a next stage, it may be possible to encourage your child to spend small amounts of time in school during very quiet periods, such as the end of the day. This suggestion will need to remain flexible and within your child’s control. It may then be possible to build up to more regular attendance in small steps. Alongside the above, apply for an Education, Health and Care assessment to have your child’s needs more accurately assessed.

Transitions

The following resources and links provide useful information to help with school transitions:

Transitions to adulthood

It’s good practice for schools to start thinking about transition for SEND children from year 9 (age 14). For children with an EHCP, this will start at the Y9 annual review. Please see our Transition to adulthood resource for further advice and information about post 16 options.

pdasociety.org.uk - School – PDA Society

Which KDrama is most popular in Korea?

447,693 ratings / 9.7. On the top of this list is “What's Wrong With Secretary Kim,” which has already become a legendary rom-com in just a few...

Last updated Aug 21, 2018

What kind of person wants revenge?

People who set great store by their reputations, for example, are more likely to seek revenge if they feel they and their honor have been unfairly...

Last updated Mar 14, 2018

Promotion

Is a soulmate a gf?

A soul mate doesn't have to be a romantic partner—it can be a platonic friend, too. "Similar to romantic relationships, there are people we connect...

Last updated Sep 14, 2021

Promotion

Why can't I accept the death of a loved one?

There are a number of reasons why some people struggle with grief more than others. Complicated mourning often occurs when the death was sudden,...

Last updated Apr 28, 2018