Photo: H. Emre

What animal looks like a cow with horns?

The American bison is the largest land mammal in North America. Both male and female bison have horns. For the first few months of their lives, bison are orange/brown in color.

nhpbs.org - Bovinae (bison, buffalos, cattle) - New Hampshire PBS

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Bovinae (bison, buffalos, cattle)

The animals in this subfamily are all medium to large sized ungulates (hoofed animals.) Many of the species in this subfamily have been domesticated, including domestic cows, yaks, and water buffaloes. Both the males and females in this group have horns. Some, but not all, of the species in this group live in herds. They are used by humans for meat, milk, leather, and as beasts of burden. They are found on all the continents, except for Antarctica. Some species in this group are vulnerable or endangered in the wild due to loss of habitat and overhunting.

World Status Key

Least Concern Near Threatened Vulnerable Endangered Critically Endangered Extinct in the Wild Extinct Status and range is taken from ICUN Redlist. If no status is listed, there is not enough data to establish status.

US Status Key

Threatened in US Threatened in NH Endangered in US Endangered in NH Breeds in NH Introduced

Status taken from US Fish and Wildlife and NH Fish and Game

New Hampshire Species North/Central American Species None None

Species Around the World Africa Asia Australia/Oceania Europe North America South America NH Species American Bison - Bison bison

European Bison - Bison bonasus

Gaur - Bos gaurus

Banteng - Bos javanicus

Wild Yak - Bos mutus

Auroch - Bos primigenius

Kouprey - Bos sauveli

Nilgai - Boselaphus tragocamelus

Water Buffalo - Bubalus arnee

Lowland Anoa - Bubalus depressicornis

Mindoro Dwarf Buffalo - Bubalus mindorensis

Mountain Anoa - Bubalus quarlesi

Saola - Pseudoryx nghetinhensis African Buffalo - Syncerus caffer

Four-horned Antelope - Tetracerus quadricornis

Nyala - Tragelaphus angasii

Mountain Nyala - Tragelaphus buxtoni

Giant Eland - Tragelaphus derbianus

Bongo - Tragelaphus eurycerus

Lesser Kudu - Tragelaphus imberbis

Common Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

Bushbuck - Tragelaphus scriptus

Sitatunga - Tragelaphus spekii

Greater Kudu - Tragelaphus strepsiceros

American bison - Bison bison

American bison wallow or roll around in the dirt on hot days. This helps keep them cool and repels insects.

American bison - Bison bison

The bison's thick shaggy fur protects it from cold.

American bison - Bison bison

The American bison is the largest land mammal in North America.

American bison - Bison bison

Both male and female bison have horns.

American bison - Bison bison

For the first few months of their lives, bison are orange/brown in color.

American bison - Bison bison

American bison run at speeds up to 35 miles per hour.

American bison - Bison bison

American bison have long, tufted tails and a hump on their shoulders.

American bison - Bison bison

American bison are very large animals. They weigh between 700-1,980 pounds and are 7-12 feet in length!

European Bison - Bison bonasus

The European bison looks like the American bison, but it is smaller.

European Bison - Bison bonasus

The European bison is also known as the wisent. Learn more!

European Bison - Bison bonasus

European bison are the largest land mammals in Europe. They are found in Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine, and Kyrgyzstan.

Aurochs (Domesticated Cows)

Domesticated cows are found throughout the world. They come in different colors and patterns. They have short hair, a short neck, and a long, tufted tail.

Banteng - Bos javanicus

The banteng looks like a cow and is found in Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.

Banteng - Bos javanicus

Bantengs have white stockings on their legs, a white muzzle and rump, and a white spot above their eyes. Males are dark brown and females are reddish-brown. Learn more.

Banteng - Bos javanicus

Bantengs are found in forests and grasslands. Learn more.

Gaur - Bos gaurus

The gaur is is also known as the Indian bison. It is found in South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Gaur - Bos gaurus

The gaur is a large ox with a brown coat. Its lower legs are a lighter tannish or white color. Both the male and female have thick curving horns. The gaur has a large shoulder hump and a dewlap under its chin.

Kouprey - Bos sauveli

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The kouprey was once found in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. It was last seen in 1988. It lives in open forest and savannah grassland near monsoon forests.

Kouprey - Bos sauveli

The kouprey has a large, narrow body, longs legs, and a humped back. Males are dark brown and females are grayish brown.

Wild Yak - Bos mutus

The wild yak has is found in the tundra and cold desert regions of the Tibetan plateau to the north of the Himalayas.

Wild Yak - Bos mutus

The wild yak has long, shaggy fur, a big head, humped shoulders, and curving horns. Learn more.

Nilgai - Boselaphus tragocamelus

The Nilgai antelope is found in India and Pakistan. They have a large, stock body, a thick neck, and a small head. The male has a bluish-gray coat. The female has a yellowish-brown coat. They both have a white bib on their throat.

Nilgai - Boselaphus tragocamelus

The Nilgai antelope was brought into Texas as a game animals in the early 1900s and now there are groups of free-ranging nilgai on ranches in south Texas. Learn more!

Lowland Anoa - Bubalus depressicornis

The lowland anoa. It is only found in northern region of the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. Source: Arkive Intended Audience: General Reading Level: Middle School The lowland anoa. It is only found in northern region of the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.ArkiveGeneralMiddle School

Lowland Anoa - Bubalus depressicornis

The lowland anoa is the smallest species of wild cattle. They are mostly nocturnal and feed at night on grasses, ferns, young banana trees, bark, and fallen fruit.

Lowland Anoa - Bubalus depressicornis

The lowland anoa has a stocky body, thick, dark skin and a light covering of brown hair. Both the male and female have pointed, backwards-facing horns.

Mountain Anoa - Bubalus quarlesi

The mountain anoa is also known as the dwarf water buffalo. It is the smallest living bovine. It is found on the island Sulawesi in Indonesia.

Mountain Anoa - Bubalus quarlesi

The mountain anoa has a dark brown, stocky body; small, pointed ears; and backwards-facing, pointed horns.

Mountain Anoa - Bubalus quarlesi

The mountain anoa lives singularly or in pairs, except when the female is ready to give birth when they may form small herd.

Water Buffalo - Bubalus arnee

The water buffalo or Asian buffalo has been domesticated and can be found in many locations throughout Asia. It is also found in Africa and even Australia. There are thought to be true wild populations in India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Thailand.

Water Buffalo - Bubalus arnee

Water buffalo live in wet habitats ranging from riverine forests, woodlands and grasslands, to marshes and swamps. They spend a good part of their time wallowing in the water and mud.

Water Buffalo - Bubalus arnee

The water buffalo is 5-6 feet tall from shoulder to feet. Males have large, backward curving horns that can stretch 5 feet across. Learn more and print out a fact sheet.

Mindoro Dwarf Buffalo - Bubalus mindorensis

Mindoro Dwarf Buffalo is a small, brown buffalo with backwards-facing cone-shaped horns.

Mindoro Dwarf Buffalo - Bubalus mindorensis

The tamaraw is found only on the island of Mindoro in the Philippines. It is the largest mammals in the Philippines.

Saola - Pseudoryx nghetinhensis

The saola was first discovered by scientists in 1992. It is found in a few mountainous areas of Vietnam and Laos. Scientists estimate that there may be a few hundred in the wild.

Saola - Pseudoryx nghetinhensis

Little is known about the saola in the wild.

Saola - Pseudoryx nghetinhensis

The saola is found in a few mountainous areas of Vietnam and Laos.

African Buffalo - Syncerus caffer

The African buffalo is Africa's only wild cattle species. It is one of the "big five" mammals that were popular with trophy hunters.

African Buffalo - Syncerus caffer

The African buffalo is also known as the Cape buffalo. It is found from just south of the Sahara to just north of South Africa.

African Buffalo - Syncerus caffer

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The African buffalo is a large animal and can be dangerous if it is cornered or injured

Common Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

Is it a cow? Is it an antelope? It looks a little like both!

Common Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

The eland is one of the animals that is often depicted on early rock art in Africa.

Common Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

The eland is found from Ethiopia and southern Zaire to South Africa.

Commmon Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

The eland stands six feet tall at the shoulders and can weigh as much as 2,000 pounds!

Common Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

The eland is very agile and can jump a 1.5 meter (4.9 ft.) fence from a standing position! Learn more.

Common Eland - Tragelaphus oryx

The eland has a reddish-brown coat with thin light white stripes; medium-sized, pointed horns; a medium-size dewlap; and a shoulder hump.

Giant Eland - Tragelaphus derbianus

The giant eland is about the same size as the eland, but its long, spiral horns and dewlap are much larger!

Giant Eland - Tragelaphus derbianus

Learn more about the giant eland and see one being born!

Giant Eland - Tragelaphus derbianus

The giant eland is found from Senegal through southern Sudan.

Four-horned Antelope - Tetracerus quadricornis

The four-horned antelope is found in Nepal and India.

Bongo - Tragelaphus eurycerus

The bongo is has a chestnut-red coat with 10-15 thin white stripes that run vertically from its shoulders to its rump.

Bongo - Tragelaphus eurycerus

The bongo has a brush-like crest of stiff hair the runs along its spine, white spots on each of its cheeks, a tan mask on its eyes, and a dark brown snout.

Bongo - Tragelaphus eurycerus

The bongo lives in lowland forests of West Africa and Zaire to southern Sudan.

Bushback - Tragelaphus scriptus

The bushbuck is found throughout central Africa, from south of the Sahara to north of the Kalahari deserts.

Greater Kudu - Tragelaphus strepsiceros

The greater kudu is found in savanna woodlands in in southern and eastern Africa.

Greater Kudu - Tragelaphus strepsiceros

The male greater kudu has impressive spiraling horns that can grow six feet long!

Greater Kudu - Tragelaphus strepsiceros

The greater kudu has a brown coat with thin white stripes that run from its shoulders to its rump.

Greater Kudu - Tragelaphus strepsiceros

The greater kudu has large ears, a white chevron-shaped patch of fur between its eyes, and a white stripe on its jaw. It has a brush-like crest of stiff fur that runs along its its spine.

Lesser Kudu - Tragelaphus imberbis

The male lesser kudu has a smoky gray coat and the female has a reddish-brown coat. It has thin white stripes running vertically from its shoulders to its rump and a white stripe running down its back. It has a white patch at the base of its throat and another white patch at the top of its neck. .The male has large spiraling horns.

Lesser Kudu - Tragelaphus imberbis

The lesser kudu usually remains hidden in thick vegetation or thickets during the day.

Lesser Kudu - Tragelaphus imberbis

The lesser kudu is found in northeast Africa.

Mountain Bongo - Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci

The mountain bongo is a subspecies of the bongo. It is found only in a few pockets of mountain forests in Kenya.

Mountain Nyla - Tragelaphus buxtoni

Mountain nyla are found in the mountains of Ethiopia.

Nyla - Tragelaphus angasii

Nyla are found in southeastern Africa. They are found in savannah woodlands.

Source: Animal Diversity Web Intended Audience: General Reading Level: Middle/High School

nhpbs.org - Bovinae (bison, buffalos, cattle) - New Hampshire PBS

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